Membrane transport protein

A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, or macromolecules, such as another protein across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral membrane proteins; that is they exist within and span the membrane across which they transport substances. The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion or active transport. These mechanisms of action are known as carrier-mediated transport.

Types


(Grouped by Transporter Classification database categories)

1: Channels/Pores

 * facilitated diffusion

2: Electrochemical Potential-driven transporters

 * Mitochondrial membrane transport protein
 * Glucose transporter
 * Neurotransmitter transporters
 * Glutamate/aspartate transporters
 * GABA transporters
 * Glycine transporters
 * Monoamine transporters, including:
 * Dopamine transporter (DAT)
 * Norepinephrine transporter (NET)
 * Serotonin transporter (SERT)
 * Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT)
 * Adenosine transporters
 * Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)

3: Primary Active Transporters

 * ATP-binding cassette transporter genes
 * P-glycoprotein
 * CD98
 * V-ATPase
 * Ion transporters
 * Na+/K+-ATPase
 * Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase
 * Proton pump
 * Hydrogen potassium ATPase
 * Sodium-chloride symporter

4: Co-transporters (Symporters)
Symporters transport two or more ions together in the same direction.

5: Incompletely Characterized Transport Systems

 * 9.A.50: Karyopherin

Ungrouped

 * CD36