SRGAP2

SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 (srGAP2) also known as formin-binding protein 2 (FNBP2) is a is_associated_with::protein that in humans is encoded by the SRGAP2 is_associated_with::gene.

SRGAP2 is involved in is_associated_with::neuronal migration and neuronal differentiation. SRGAP2 also plays a critical role in synaptic development.

SRGAP2C slows maturation of some neurons and increases neuronal spine density.

Downregulation of srGAP2 inhibits cell-cell repulsion and enhances cell-cell contact duration.

is_associated_with::Gene duplication in humans
This gene is one of the 23 genes that are duplicated in humans but not in other is_associated_with::primates.

This protein in humans has been duplicated three times in the is_associated_with::human genome in the past 3.4 million years, one duplication 3.4 million years ago (mya) called SRGAP2B, a second duplication 2.4 mya (called SRGAP2C) and one final duplication ~1 mya (SRGAP2D). The ancestral gene SRGAP2 is found in all mammals and the human copy has been renamed SRGAP2A. The 2.4 million year-old duplication (SRGAP2C) expresses a shortened version that 100% of humans possess. This shortened version SRGAP2C inhibits the function of the ancestral copy SRGAP2A and (1) allows faster migration of neurons by interfering with is_associated_with::filopodia production and (2) slows the rate of synaptic maturation and increases the density of synapses in the is_associated_with::cerebral cortex.