TLR 1

TLR 1 is a member of the is_associated_with::Toll-like receptor family (TLR) of is_associated_with::pattern recognition receptors of the is_associated_with::innate immune system. TLR1 recognizes pathogen-associated molecular pattern with a specificity for is_associated_with::gram-positive bacteria. TLR1 has also been designated as CD281 (is_associated_with::cluster of differentiation 281).

TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize is_associated_with::pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of is_associated_with::cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is ubiquitously expressed, and at higher levels than other TLR genes. Different length transcripts presumably resulting from use of alternative polyadenylation site, and/or from alternative splicing, have been noted for this gene.

TLR1 recognises is_associated_with::peptidoglycan and (triacyl) is_associated_with::lipoproteins in concert with is_associated_with::TLR2 (as a heterodimer). It is found on the surface of is_associated_with::macrophages and is_associated_with::neutrophils.

Interactions
TLR 1 has been shown to interact with is_associated_with::TLR 2.