NFKB1

Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a is_associated_with::protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB1 is_associated_with::gene.

This gene encodes a 105 kD is_associated_with::protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S is_associated_with::proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD protein is a DNA binding subunit of the NF-kappaB (is_associated_with::NF-κB) protein complex. NF-κB is a is_associated_with::transcription factor that is activated by various intra- and extra-cellular stimuli such as is_associated_with::cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Activated NF-κB translocates into the nucleus and stimulates the expression of genes involved in a wide variety of biological functions; over 200 known genes are targets of NF-κB in various cell types, under specific conditions. Inappropriate activation of NF-κB has been associated with a number of inflammatory diseases while persistent inhibition of NF-κB leads to inappropriate immune cell development or delayed cell growth.

Model organisms
is_associated_with::Model organisms have been used in the study of NFKB1 function. A conditional is_associated_with::knockout mouse line, called Nfkb1tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi was generated as part of the is_associated_with::International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.

Male and female animals underwent a standardized is_associated_with::phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Twenty five tests were carried out on is_associated_with::mutant mice and six significant abnormalities were observed. Female is_associated_with::homozygotes had a decreased is_associated_with::respiratory quotient, increased circulating is_associated_with::alkaline phosphatase level and increased is_associated_with::leukocyte cell number. Male homozygotes showed an increased susceptibility to is_associated_with::Salmonella infection, while homozygotes of both sex had decreased is_associated_with::IgG1 and decreased is_associated_with::regulatory T cell and is_associated_with::NK cell numbers.

Interactions
NFKB1 has been shown to interact with:


 * is_associated_with::BCL3,
 * is_associated_with::C22orf25,
 * is_associated_with::HDAC1,
 * is_associated_with::HMGA2
 * is_associated_with::IKK2,
 * is_associated_with::ITGB3BP,
 * is_associated_with::IκBα,
 * is_associated_with::LYL1,
 * is_associated_with::MAP3K7IP2,
 * is_associated_with::MAP3K8,
 * is_associated_with::MEN1,
 * is_associated_with::NFKB2,
 * is_associated_with::NFKBIE,
 * is_associated_with::NOTCH1,
 * is_associated_with::Nuclear receptor coactivator 1,
 * is_associated_with::RELA,
 * is_associated_with::RELB,
 * is_associated_with::STAT3,
 * is_associated_with::STAT6, and
 * is_associated_with::TSC22D3.