PTPN6

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), is an is_associated_with::enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN6 is_associated_with::gene.

Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the is_associated_with::protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. is_associated_with::N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in is_associated_with::hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell signaling, (e.g., the is_associated_with::LYN-is_associated_with::CD22-is_associated_with::SHP-1 pathway). Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported.

Expression
SHP-1 gene has two promoters - P-1, active in epithelial cells, and P-2, active in is_associated_with::hemopoietic cells. In addition the expression of SHP-1 is low in is_associated_with::epithelial cells and high in hemopoetic cells. SHP-1 level in epithelial cells increases and in hematopoetic cells decreases in cancer.

Interactions
PTPN6 has been shown to interact with:


 * is_associated_with::BCR gene,
 * is_associated_with::CD117,
 * is_associated_with::CD22,
 * is_associated_with::CD31,
 * is_associated_with::CTNND1,
 * EGFR,
 * EPOR,
 * is_associated_with::FCRL3,
 * is_associated_with::Grb2,
 * HOXA10,
 * JAK2,
 * is_associated_with::LAIR1,
 * is_associated_with::LILRB2,
 * is_associated_with::LILRB4,
 * is_associated_with::Lck,
 * LCP2,
 * is_associated_with::PRKCD,
 * is_associated_with::PTK2B,
 * ROS1,
 * SIRPA,
 * SYK, and
 * TYK2.