APOBEC3A

Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3A, also known as APOBEC3A, is a is_associated_with::gene of the is_associated_with::APOBEC3 family found in humans, non-human is_associated_with::primates, and some other is_associated_with::mammals. . It is a is_associated_with::DNA is_associated_with::cytidine deaminase with antiviral effects. While other members of the family such as is_associated_with::APOBEC3G are believed to act by editing is_associated_with::ssDNA by removing an amino group from is_associated_with::cytosine in DNA, introducing a cytosine to is_associated_with::uracil change which can ultimately lead to a is_associated_with::cytosine to is_associated_with::thymine mutation, one study suggests that APOBEC3A can inhibit is_associated_with::parvoviruses by another mechanism. The cellular function of APOBEC3A is likely to be the destruction of foreign DNA through extensive deamination of cytosine.

This gene is a member of the polynucleotide cytosine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. The APOBEC3 family of DNA editing enzymes are thought to be part of the is_associated_with::innate immune system by restricting is_associated_with::retroviruses, mobile genetic elements like is_associated_with::retrotransposons and is_associated_with::endogenous retroviruses. APOBEC3A is highly expressed in is_associated_with::monocytes and is_associated_with::macrophages upon stimulation with is_associated_with::interferon.