RIG-I

RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene 1) is a is_associated_with::RIG-I-like receptor dsRNA is_associated_with::helicase is_associated_with::enzyme that is encoded (in humans) by the DDX58 is_associated_with::gene. RIG-I is part of the is_associated_with::RIG-I-like receptor family, which also includes is_associated_with::MDA5 and is_associated_with::LGP2, and functions as a is_associated_with::pattern recognition receptor that is a sensor for viruses such as is_associated_with::influenza A, is_associated_with::Sendai virus, and is_associated_with::flavivirus, however RIG-I provides no immunity to DNA viruses or is_associated_with::retroviruses. RIG-I typically recognizes short (< 4000nt) 5′ triphosphate uncapped double stranded or single stranded RNA. RIG-I and MDA5 are involved in activating MAVS and triggering an antiviral response. RIG-I is also able to detect non-self 5′-triphosphorylated dsRNA transcribed from AT-rich dsDNA by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase III (Pol III). For many viruses, effective RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses are dependent on functionally active LGP2.

Function
is_associated_with::DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative is_associated_with::RNA helicases which are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving is_associated_with::RNA binding and alteration of RNA secondary structure. RIG-I contains a RNA helicase-DEAD box motifs and a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). RIG-I is involved in viral double-stranded (ds) RNA recognition and the regulation of immune response.