Dopamine antagonist



A dopamine antagonist is a drug which blocks dopamine receptors by receptor antagonism. There are five known types of dopamine receptors in the human body; they are found in the brain, peripheral nervous system, blood vessels, and the kidney.

Uses and examples

 * Used as atypical antipsychotics (coupled with serotonin antagonist effects): clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, and ziprasidone


 * Used as antiemetics: metoclopramide, droperidol, domperidone


 * Used as tricyclic antidepressants: amoxapine, clomipramine

Side effects
Other side effects may include menstrual dysfunction, low libido, and impotence.
 * Parkinsonism – due to effects on the nigrostriatal pathway
 * Hyperprolactinaemia – due to effects on the tuberoinfundibular pathway
 * Tardive dyskinesia (long term use)
 * galactorrhea - due to removal of dopamine-mediated inhibition of prolactin release from lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary

Examples
Examples of Dopamine antagonists include:
 * acepromazine
 * amisulpride
 * amoxapine
 * azaperone
 * benperidol
 * bromopride
 * butaclamol
 * clomipramine (mild)
 * chlorpromazine
 * chlorprothixene
 * clopenthixol
 * domperidone
 * droperidol
 * eticlopride
 * flupenthixol
 * fluphenazine
 * fluspirilene
 * haloperidol
 * iodobenzamide
 * loxapine
 * mesoridazine
 * levomepromazine
 * metoclopramide
 * nafadotride
 * nemonapride
 * penfluridol
 * perazine
 * perphenazine
 * pimozide
 * prochlorperazine
 * promazine
 * raclopride
 * remoxipride
 * risperidone
 * spiperone
 * spiroxatrine
 * stepholidine
 * sulpiride
 * sultopride
 * tetrahydropalmatine
 * thiethylperazine
 * thioridazine
 * thiothixene
 * tiapride
 * trifluoperazine
 * trifluperidol
 * triflupromazine
 * ziprasidone