Zacopride

Zacopride is a potent antagonist at the 5HT3 receptor and an agonist at the 5HT4 receptor. It has anxiolytic and nootropic effects in animal models, with the (R) enantiomer being the more active form. It also has antiemetic and pro-respiratory effects, both reducing sleep apnoea and reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression in animal studies.

Zacopride was found to significantly increase aldosterone levels in human subjects for 180 minutes at a dose of 400 micrograms. It is thought to do this by stimulating the 5-HT4 receptors on the adrenal glands. Zacropride also stimulated aldosterone secretion when applied to human adrenal glands in vitro. No significant changes were observed in renin, ACTH, or cortisol levels.