VIPR2

Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 also known as VPAC2, is a is_associated_with::G-protein coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the VIPR2 is_associated_with::gene.

Tissue distribution
VIPR2 is expressed in the is_associated_with::uterus, is_associated_with::prostate, is_associated_with::smooth muscle of the is_associated_with::gastrointestinal tract, is_associated_with::seminal vesicles and is_associated_with::skin, is_associated_with::blood vessels and is_associated_with::thymus. VIPR2 is also expressed in the is_associated_with::cerebellum.

Function
is_associated_with::Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and is_associated_with::pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) are homologous peptides that function as is_associated_with::neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine hormones. While the receptors for VIP (VIRP 1 and 2) and PACAP (is_associated_with::ADCYAP1R1) share homology, they differ in their substrate specificities and expression patterns. VIPR2 transduction results in upregulation of adenylate cyclase activity. Furthermore VIPR2 mediates the is_associated_with::anti-inflammatory effects of VIP.

Research using VPAC2 knockout mice implicate it in the function of the is_associated_with::circadian clock, growth, basal energy expenditure and male is_associated_with::reproduction.

VIPR2 and/or PAC1 receptor activation is involved in is_associated_with::cutaneous active is_associated_with::vasodilation in humans.

is_associated_with::Splice variants may modify the immunoregulatory contributions of the VIP-VIPR2 axis. VIPR2 may contribute to is_associated_with::autoregulation and/or coupling within the is_associated_with::Suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN) core and to control of the SCN shell.

Clinical significance
VIPR2 may play a role in is_associated_with::Schizophrenia.

The abnormal expression of VIPR2 is_associated_with::Messenger RNA in is_associated_with::gallbladder tissue may play a role in the formation of gall stones and polyps.