CXCL1

The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small is_associated_with::cytokine belonging to the CXC is_associated_with::chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-α). In humans, this protein is encoded by the CXCL1 gene.

Function
CXCL1 is secreted by human is_associated_with::melanoma cells, has is_associated_with::mitogenic properties and is implicated in melanoma is_associated_with::pathogenesis. CXCL1 is expressed by is_associated_with::macrophages, is_associated_with::neutrophils and is_associated_with::epithelial cells, and has neutrophil chemoattractant activity. CXCL1 plays a role in spinal cord development by inhibiting the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors and is involved in the processes of is_associated_with::angiogenesis, is_associated_with::inflammation, is_associated_with::wound healing, and is_associated_with::tumorigenesis. This chemokine elicits its effects by signaling through the chemokine receptor CXCR2. The is_associated_with::gene for CXCL1 is located on human is_associated_with::chromosome 4 amongst genes for other CXC chemokines. An initial study in mice showed evidence that CXCL1 decreased the severity of is_associated_with::multiple sclerosis and may offer a neuro-protective function.