VIPR1

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1 also known as VPAC1, is a is_associated_with::protein, that in humans is encoded by the VIPR1 is_associated_with::gene. VPAC1 is expressed in the brain (is_associated_with::cerebral cortex, is_associated_with::hippocampus, is_associated_with::amygdala), is_associated_with::lung, is_associated_with::prostate, peripheral blood is_associated_with::leukocytes, is_associated_with::liver, is_associated_with::small intestine, is_associated_with::heart, is_associated_with::spleen, is_associated_with::placenta, is_associated_with::kidney, is_associated_with::thymus and is_associated_with::testis.

Function
VPAC1 is a receptor for is_associated_with::vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a small is_associated_with::neuropeptide. is_associated_with::Vasoactive intestinal peptide is involved in is_associated_with::smooth muscle relaxation, exocrine and endocrine is_associated_with::secretion, and water and ion flux in is_associated_with::lung and intestinal is_associated_with::epithelia. Its actions are effected through integral is_associated_with::membrane receptors associated with a is_associated_with::guanine nucleotide binding protein which activates is_associated_with::adenylate cyclase.

VIP acts in an is_associated_with::autocrine fashion via VPAC11 to inhibit is_associated_with::megakaryocyte proliferation and induce is_associated_with::proplatelet formation.

Clinical significance
Patients with is_associated_with::idiopathic is_associated_with::achalasia show a significant difference in the distribution of SNPs affecting VIPR1.

VIP and PACAP levels were decreased in anterior vaginal wall of stress is_associated_with::urinary incontinence and is_associated_with::pelvic organ prolapse patients, they may participate in the pathophysiology of these diseases.