3-Methoxy-4-methylamphetamine

3-Methoxy-4-methylamphetamine (MMA) is an entactogen and psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine classes. It was first synthesized in 1970 and was encountered as a street drug in Italy in the same decade. MMA was largely forgotten until being reassayed by David E. Nichols as a non-neurotoxic MDMA analogue in 1991, and has subsequently been sold as a designer drug on the internet since the late 2000s.

In animal studies, MMA fully substitutes for MDMA and MBDB, partially substitutes for LSD, and does not substitute for amphetamine. Additionally, it has been shown to potently inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and does not produce serotonergic neurotoxicity in rodents. These data appear to confer a profile of MMA as a selective serotonin releasing agent (SSRA) and 5-HT2A receptor agonist.

According to anecdotal reports, MMA is active in humans at doses of 20-60 mg and possesses a duration of approximately 12-16 hours. It is said to produce empathy and mild 2C-like psychedelic effects, and although it is mood-lifting, it is not euphoric like MDMA and is more antidepressant-like in comparison. At higher doses, such as 140 mg, the effects are much more psychedelic (comparable to DOM) but can be dysphoric and very long-lived.