P110α

The phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (the HUGO-approved official symbol = PIK3CA; HGNC ID, HGNC:8975), also called p110α protein, is a is_associated_with::class I PI 3-kinase catalytic subunit. The human p110α protein is encoded by the PIK3CA gene.

Function
is_associated_with::Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (also called is_associated_with::phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) is composed of an 85 kDa regulatory subunit and a 110 kDa catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene represents the catalytic subunit, which uses ATP to phosphorylate is_associated_with::phosphatidylinositols (PtdIns), PtdIns4P and PtdIns(4,5)P2.

Clinical significance
Recent evidence has shown that the PIK3CA gene is mutated in a range of human cancers. It has been found to be oncogenic and has been implicated in cervical cancers.

Due to the association between p110α and cancer, it is believed to be a promising drug target. A number of pharmaceutical companies are currently designing and charactering potential p110α isoform specific inhibitors. The presence of PIK3CA mutation may predict response to aspirin therapy for colorectal cancer, indicating power and promise of "is_associated_with::Molecular Pathological Epidemiology (MPE)" approach as well as a complex interaction within the is_associated_with::tumor microenvironment in this phenomenon.

Somatic mosaic mutations in PIK3CA have been implicated in several overgrowth conditions: is_associated_with::CLOVES syndrome, is_associated_with::macrocephaly-capillary malformation syndrome, is_associated_with::hemimegalencephaly and overgrowth with fibroadipose hyperplasia.

Interactions
P110α has been shown to interact with:


 * is_associated_with::ARHGEF1,
 * ADAP1,
 * is_associated_with::DGKZ,
 * is_associated_with::HRAS,  and
 * is_associated_with::Lck.