Rs16969968

Associated with smoking phenotype (p=0.007) based on association study of 2,000+ individuals, and functional studies demonstrated that the risk allele decreased response to a nicotine agonist, therefore the rs16969968(A) allele is likely to be involved in nicotine dependence.

In a study 500+ individuals with cocaine dependence, the same rs16969968(A) allele was associated with a 0.67x decreased risk (p = 0.0045).

A study of 200 individuals replicated the association between this SNP and nicotine dependence, and also concluded that the rs16969968(A) allele was significantly associated with "enhanced pleasurable responses" to a person's first cigarette.

23andMe blog 23andMe considers rs1051730 equivalent

The association between rs16969968 and lung cancer may, in part, be confounded by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

rs16969968 increases susceptibility to Substance dependence, Nicotine 1.10 times for heterozygotes (AG) and 1.90 times for homozygotes (AA)

plos Risk Factors for Age-Dependent Nicotine Addiction