PLA2G4A

Cytosolic phospholipase A2 is an is_associated_with::enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLA2G4A is_associated_with::gene.

Function
This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic is_associated_with::phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane is_associated_with::phospholipids to release is_associated_with::arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into is_associated_with::eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including is_associated_with::prostaglandins and is_associated_with::leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate is_associated_with::hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces is_associated_with::lysophospholipids that are converted into is_associated_with::platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles.

Interactions
PLA2G4A has been shown to interact with is_associated_with::HTATIP.

Clinical signficance
Mutations in this gene have been associated with is_associated_with::multifocal stenosing ulceration of the small intestine.