SGLT2

The sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is a is_associated_with::protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC5A2 (solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter)) is_associated_with::gene.

Function
SGLT2 is a member of the sodium glucose cotransporter family which are sodium-dependent is_associated_with::glucose transport proteins. SGLT2 is the major cotransporter involved in glucose reabsorption in the kidney.

SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes
SGLT2 inhibitors are called is_associated_with::gliflozins and lead to a reduction in blood glucose levels. Therefore, SGLT2 inhibitors have potential use in the treatment of is_associated_with::type II diabetes. As studied on is_associated_with::canagliflozin, a member of this class of drugs, gliflozins enhance glycemic control as well as reduce is_associated_with::body weight and systolic and diastolic is_associated_with::blood pressure. The gliflozins canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin may lead to is_associated_with::ketoacidosis. Other side effects of gliflozins include increased risk of (generally mild) is_associated_with::urinary tract infections, is_associated_with::candidal vulvovaginitis and is_associated_with::hypoglycemia.

Clinical significance
Mutations in this gene are also associated with is_associated_with::renal glucosuria.

Model organisms
is_associated_with::Model organisms have been used in the study of SLC5A2 function. A conditional is_associated_with::knockout mouse line, called Slc5a2tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi was generated as part of the is_associated_with::International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.

Male and female animals underwent a standardized is_associated_with::phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Twenty two tests were carried out on homozygous is_associated_with::mutant mice and one significant abnormality was observed: males displayed increased drinking behaviour.