BMPR1A

The bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA also known as BMPR1A is a is_associated_with::protein which in humans is encoded by the BMPR1A is_associated_with::gene. BMPR1A has also been designated as CD292 (is_associated_with::cluster of differentiation 292).

Function
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors are a family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases that include the type I receptors BMPR1A (this protein) and is_associated_with::BMPR1B and the type II receptor is_associated_with::BMPR2. These receptors are also closely related to the activin receptors, is_associated_with::ACVR1 and ACVR2. The ligands of these receptors are members of the is_associated_with::TGF beta superfamily. TGF-betas and activins transduce their signals through the formation of heteromeric complexes with 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors require their respective type II receptors for ligand binding.

BMP's repress WNT signaling to maintain stable stem cell populations. BMPR1A null mice died at embyonic day 8.0 without is_associated_with::mesoderm specification, demonstrating its vital role in is_associated_with::gastrulation. It has been demonstrated in experiments using dominant negative BMPR1A chick embryos that BMPR1A plays a role in is_associated_with::apoptosis and is_associated_with::adipocyte development. Using constitutively active forms of BMR1A it has been shown that it plays a role in is_associated_with::cell differentiation. Signals tranduced by the BMPR1A receptor are not essential for is_associated_with::osteoblast formation or proliferation; however, BMPR1A is necessary for the is_associated_with::extracellular matrix deposition by osteoblasts. In the chick embryo, BMPR1A receptors are found in low levels in limb bud mesenchyme, a differing location to BMPR1B, supporting the differing roles they play in osteogenesis.

Ligands

 * is_associated_with::Agonists: BMP2, BMP4, BMP6, BMP7, is_associated_with::GDF6
 * Antagonists: Noggin, is_associated_with::Chordin

Diseases
BMPR1A, is_associated_with::SMAD4 and PTEN are responsible for is_associated_with::juvenile polyposis syndrome, is_associated_with::juvenile intestinal polyposis and is_associated_with::Cowden's disease.

Interactions
BMPR1A has been shown to interact with:
 * BMP2,
 * is_associated_with::SF3B4, and
 * is_associated_with::ZMYND11.