MAGEA3

Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3) is a is_associated_with::protein that in humans is encoded by the MAGEA3 is_associated_with::gene.

Genetics
This gene is a member of the is_associated_with::melanoma-associated antigen gene family. The members of this family encode proteins with 50 to 80% sequence identity to each other. The promoters and first exons of the MAGEA genes show considerable variability, suggesting that the existence of this gene family enables the same function to be expressed under different transcriptional controls. The MAGEA genes are clustered at chromosomal location is_associated_with::Xq28. They have been implicated in some hereditary disorders, such as is_associated_with::dyskeratosis congenita.

Function and Clinical relevance
The normal function of MAGE-A3 in healthy cells is unknown. The presence of the antigen on tumor cells has been associated with worse prognosis. In one study, high levels of MAGE-A3 in is_associated_with::lung adenocarcinoma were associated with shorter survival.

MAGE-A3 is a tumor-specific protein, and has been identified on many tumors including is_associated_with::melanoma, is_associated_with::non-small cell lung cancer, is_associated_with::hematologic malignancies, among others. Currently, is_associated_with::GlaxoSmithKline is developing a is_associated_with::cancer vaccine targeting MAGE-A3. The vaccine is a fusion protein of MAGE-A3 and is_associated_with::Haemophilus influenzae is_associated_with::protein D, combined with a proprietary immunoadjuvant.